Boiler
critical
Known Models (17)
Alfa Laval Aalborg (Denmark) OL Series (Oil-Fired Auxiliary Boiler)
500-25,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Fuel Oil fired)
type: Oil-Fired Water Tube Auxiliary Boiler
size_range: ['OL-1', 'OL-2', 'OL-3', 'OL-5', 'OL-10', 'OL-15']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [500, 25000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 16]
variant_count_approx: 6
period_start_year: 1970
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired (HFO/MDO/MGO)
construction: Water tube, vertical, natural circulation
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Burner flame failure from dirty fuel nozzle or photo-eye contamination
- • Water tube corrosion from poor feedwater treatment
- • Furnace refractory cracking from thermal cycling
- • Safety valve weeping from scale buildup on seat
- • FD fan motor bearing failure after 20,000+ hrs
Service: Burner nozzle inspection weekly. Feedwater treatment daily (pH, chlorides, dissolved oxygen). Soot blowing after each firing on HFO. Water-side inspection at annual survey. Hydraulic test every 5 years per Class.
Spares: Alfa Laval Aalborg (Denmark). Burner parts: 2-4 weeks. Tubes: 6-10 weeks. Keep onboard: spare nozzle tips, photo-eye, gaskets, refractory cement.
Alfa Laval Aalborg (Denmark) Mission Series (Composite Boiler)
200-5,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Oil-Fired + Exhaust Gas Heat Recovery)
type: Composite Boiler (Oil-Fired + Exhaust Gas Section)
size_range: ['Mission OC-250', 'Mission OC-500', 'Mission OC-1000', 'Mission OC-2500']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [200, 5000]
pressure_range_bar: [5, 10]
variant_count_approx: 4
period_start_year: 1995
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired + Exhaust Gas Economiser
construction: Fire tube + exhaust gas sections in one unit, vertical
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Exhaust gas tube soot fires from insufficient cleaning
- • Burner flame failure from nozzle/photo-eye issues
- • Fire tube smoke tube corrosion from acid dew point condensation at low loads
- • Safety valve sticking from scale
Service: Soot blowing daily when exhaust gas section active. Burner maintenance weekly. Feedwater treatment daily. Exhaust gas tube inspection at annual survey. Hydraulic test per Class requirements.
Spares: Alfa Laval Aalborg network. Lead time: 2-4 weeks for burner parts, 6-10 weeks for tubes.
Alfa Laval Aalborg (Denmark) AQ Series (Exhaust Gas Economiser)
500-30,000 kW thermal recovery
· Exhaust Gas / Feedwater → Steam
type: Exhaust Gas Economiser (Finned Tube)
size_range: ['AQ-2', 'AQ-5', 'AQ-7', 'AQ-10', 'AQ-14', 'AQ-18']
power_range_kw: [500, 30000]
variant_count_approx: 6
period_start_year: 1960
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Passive (exhaust gas waste heat)
construction: Finned steel tubes, vertical installation in funnel
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Soot fires — CRITICAL SAFETY RISK, cause of numerous marine casualties
- • Tube erosion from high-velocity exhaust gas with HFO combustion products
- • Acid dew point corrosion at low loads / slow steaming
- • Feedwater-side scale/corrosion from poor treatment
Service: Soot blowing MINIMUM daily when running on HFO. Exhaust gas temperature differential monitoring (rise = soot buildup = fire risk). Water-side treatment per boiler standards. Complete tube inspection at drydock. Tube thickness measurement with ultrasound.
Spares: Alfa Laval Aalborg. Tube sections: 8-12 weeks. Soot blower elements: 2-4 weeks. Keep onboard: soot blower spare elements, tube plugs for emergency plugging.
Babcock Wanson (France/UK) Marine Fire Tube Boiler
300-5,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Fuel Oil fired)
type: Fire Tube (Smoke Tube) Boiler, Horizontal 3-Pass
size_range: ['BW-300', 'BW-500', 'BW-1000', 'BW-2000', 'BW-5000']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [300, 5000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 13]
variant_count_approx: 5
period_start_year: 1960
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired
construction: Horizontal 3-pass fire tube, wetback design
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Tube cracking from thermal fatigue
- • Refractory combustion chamber deterioration
- • Crown plate corrosion from water level excursions
- • Burner register misalignment
Service: Standard fire tube boiler maintenance. Water treatment daily. Tube inspection annually. Complete overhaul at drydock.
Spares: Babcock Wanson (Paris, France). Lead time: 4-8 weeks for tubes. Service network: France, UK, Mediterranean.
Clayton Industries (USA) Marine Steam Generator
100-2,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Oil/Gas fired)
type: Once-Through Coil-Type Steam Generator
size_range: ['E-10', 'E-24', 'E-40', 'E-60', 'E-80']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [100, 2000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 15]
variant_count_approx: 5
period_start_year: 1940
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired / Gas-Fired
construction: Helical coil, once-through, forced circulation
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Coil tube scale from feedwater impurities — CRITICAL
- • Feedwater pump failure (single point of failure)
- • Burner control malfunction
- • Steam separator carryover
Service: Feedwater quality CRITICAL — softened/deionized water only. Chemical treatment daily. Coil inspection annually. Very compact but demanding on water quality.
Spares: Clayton Industries (City of Industry, CA, USA). Lead time: 4-8 weeks. Limited marine network outside USA.
Cochran (UK) Marine Fire Tube Boiler
200-5,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Fuel Oil fired)
type: Fire Tube (Smoke Tube) Boiler, Vertical or Horizontal
size_range: ['Wee Chieftain', 'Chieftain', 'ST24', 'ST28', 'ST34']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [200, 5000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 10]
variant_count_approx: 5
period_start_year: 1950
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired
construction: Fire tube (smoke tube), cylindrical shell, wetback/dryback
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Fire tube cracking from thermal stress
- • Tube sheet distortion from uneven heating
- • Crown plate corrosion from low water level incidents
- • Burner register misalignment causing flame impingement
Service: Water level check hourly. Blow-down daily. Fire tube inspection at annual survey. Refractory inspection annually. Complete overhaul at drydock.
Spares: Cochran (Annan, Scotland). Lead time: 4-8 weeks for tubes. Refractory: 2-4 weeks.
Hurst Boiler (USA) Marine Fire Tube Series
100-2,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Oil/Gas fired)
type: Fire Tube Boiler (Scotch Marine Type)
size_range: ['S200', 'S400', 'S600', 'S1000', 'S2000']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [100, 2000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 15]
variant_count_approx: 5
period_start_year: 1967
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired / Gas-Fired
construction: Scotch marine fire tube, wetback, horizontal
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Tube sheet cracking from thermal cycling
- • Refractory deterioration
- • Flame impingement from burner misalignment
Service: Standard fire tube boiler maintenance. US Coast Guard inspection requirements. Water treatment critical.
Spares: Hurst Boiler (Coolidge, GA, USA). Lead time: 4-8 weeks. Primarily US market.
Kangrim Heavy Industries (South Korea) KEV Series (Oil-Fired Auxiliary Boiler)
500-20,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Fuel Oil fired)
type: Oil-Fired Water Tube Auxiliary Boiler
size_range: ['KEV-500', 'KEV-1000', 'KEV-3000', 'KEV-5000', 'KEV-10000']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [500, 20000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 16]
variant_count_approx: 5
period_start_year: 1985
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired (HFO/MDO/MGO)
construction: Water tube, vertical, natural circulation
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Burner flame eye contamination
- • Water tube corrosion from feedwater quality issues
- • Refractory deterioration
- • FD fan bearing failure
Service: Same as Aalborg OL — burner weekly, feedwater daily, soot blowing after HFO firing. Annual survey inspection. Hydraulic test per Class.
Spares: Kangrim (Changwon, Korea). Lead time: 3-6 weeks. Burner parts: 2-3 weeks. Service in Korean/Asian ports, limited in Europe.
Kangrim Heavy Industries (South Korea) KEG Series (Exhaust Gas Economiser)
500-25,000 kW thermal recovery
· Exhaust Gas / Feedwater → Steam
type: Exhaust Gas Economiser (Finned Tube)
size_range: ['KEG-500', 'KEG-1000', 'KEG-3000', 'KEG-5000']
power_range_kw: [500, 25000]
variant_count_approx: 4
period_start_year: 1990
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Passive
construction: Finned steel tubes, soot-blow capable
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Soot fires — same critical risk as Aalborg AQ
- • Tube erosion from exhaust gas velocity
- • Acid dew point corrosion at slow steaming
- • Soot blower mechanism failure
Service: Daily soot blowing on HFO. Temperature differential monitoring. Complete tube inspection at drydock. Same protocol as Aalborg AQ.
Spares: Kangrim Korea. Lead time: 4-8 weeks for tube sections, 2-4 weeks for soot blower elements.
Miura (Japan) Marine Once-Through Boiler
100-3,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Fuel Oil / Gas fired)
type: Once-Through Water Tube Boiler (Forced Circulation)
size_range: ['MI-500', 'MI-1000', 'MI-2000', 'MI-3000']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [100, 3000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 10]
variant_count_approx: 4
period_start_year: 1990
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired / Dual Fuel
construction: Helical coil water tube, forced circulation, compact
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Coil tube scale buildup from feedwater impurities — critical failure mode
- • Feedwater pump failure (single-point-of-failure)
- • Burner control unit malfunction
- • Economiser section fouling
Service: Feedwater quality EXTREMELY critical (deionized water recommended). Chemical treatment daily. Coil inspection annually. Feedwater pump redundancy check. Complete overhaul every 5 years.
Spares: Miura (Matsuyama, Japan). Lead time: 3-5 weeks Asia. Limited outside Asia. Keep onboard: feedwater pump spare, burner nozzle set.
Parat Halvorsen (Norway) Marine Steam / Thermal Oil Boiler
200-5,000 kg/h steam or 200-5,000 kW thermal
· Steam or Thermal Oil
type: Fire Tube Boiler / Thermal Oil Heater / Electric Boiler
size_range: ['IH-200', 'IH-500', 'IH-1000', 'IH-3000', 'IH-5000']
power_range_kw: [200, 5000]
variant_count_approx: 5
period_start_year: 1920
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired / Electric
construction: Fire tube, vertical/horizontal, also electric boiler models
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Electric element burnout from scale (electric boiler)
- • Tube corrosion from feedwater issues (fire tube)
- • Thermal oil degradation (thermal oil heater)
Service: Per boiler type. Electric boilers: element inspection annually, water treatment critical. Fire tube: standard maintenance. Thermal oil: oil analysis quarterly.
Spares: Parat Halvorsen (Flekkefjord, Norway). Lead time: 3-6 weeks. Electric heating elements: 2-3 weeks.
Saacke (Germany) SKVG / FMB Series (Marine Burner + Boiler)
200-15,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Fuel Oil fired)
type: Marine Burner System / Package Boiler
size_range: ['SKVG 1', 'SKVG 2', 'SKVG 3', 'FMB 16', 'FMB 25', 'FMB 40']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [200, 15000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 16]
variant_count_approx: 6
period_start_year: 1970
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired (HFO/MDO/MGO)
construction: Rotary cup / pressure atomization burner, matched to boiler
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Rotary cup wear from HFO abrasion — replacement every 3,000-5,000 hrs
- • Flame eye (UV sensor) contamination causing flame failure
- • Fuel atomization issues from viscosity / temperature mismatch
- • Ignition electrode erosion
Service: Rotary cup inspection/replacement every 3,000-5,000 hrs. UV sensor cleaning weekly. Ignition electrode gap check monthly. Fuel temperature/viscosity control critical for clean combustion.
Spares: Saacke (Bremen, Germany). Excellent European service. Lead time: 1-3 weeks for burner parts. Rotary cups: keep 2 spares onboard.
Shanghai Boiler Works (China) SZL/DZL Marine Boiler Series
500-15,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Fuel Oil fired)
type: Water Tube / Fire Tube Auxiliary Boiler
size_range: ['SZL-500', 'SZL-1000', 'SZL-3000', 'DZL-5000', 'DZL-10000']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [500, 15000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 16]
variant_count_approx: 5
period_start_year: 2000
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired
construction: Water tube or fire tube, vertical or horizontal
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Welding quality inconsistency on older production runs
- • Tube corrosion from feedwater treatment issues
- • Burner control system reliability varies
- • Refractory cracking
Service: Standard boiler maintenance. Chinese Classification Society (CCS) inspections. Feedwater treatment critical. Quality has improved since 2015.
Spares: Shanghai Boiler Works. Very competitive pricing. Lead time: 2-4 weeks China, 6-10 weeks international.
Sunflame (Japan) Marine Burner Systems
Steam capacity per Hersteller-Datenblatt
· Fuel Oil (HFO/MDO/MGO)
type: Pressure Jet / Steam Atomization Marine Burner
size_range: ['SF-A3', 'SF-A5', 'SF-B10', 'SF-B20']
power_range_kw: None
variant_count_approx: 4
period_start_year: 1975
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired
construction: Pressure jet or steam atomization, flame eye, ignition system
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Atomization nozzle wear from HFO abrasion
- • Flame eye (UV detector) contamination
- • Ignition transformer failure
- • Air register linkage binding
Service: Nozzle inspection weekly. UV sensor cleaning weekly. Ignition electrode gap check monthly. Air/fuel ratio adjustment seasonally or after fuel changeover.
Spares: Sunflame (Osaka, Japan). Lead time: 2-4 weeks Asia. Keep onboard: spare nozzle set, UV sensor, ignition electrode.
Sunrod / Wärtsilä (Finland) Marine Thermal Oil Heater
200-5,000 kW thermal
· Thermal Oil (no steam)
type: Thermal Oil Heater (Oil-Fired)
size_range: ['TOH-200', 'TOH-500', 'TOH-1000', 'TOH-2000', 'TOH-5000']
power_range_kw: [200, 5000]
variant_count_approx: 5
period_start_year: 1990
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired
construction: Coil tube heat exchanger, thermal oil circuit
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Thermal oil degradation from overheating — oil analysis critical
- • Coil tube coking from local overheating
- • Expansion tank level issues from oil degradation products
- • Burner flame failure from nozzle fouling
Service: Thermal oil analysis every 3 months (viscosity, acid number, flash point). Burner maintenance weekly. Coil inspection at drydock. Oil replacement every 3-5 years depending on analysis.
Spares: Sunrod/Wärtsilä Marine. Lead time: 3-6 weeks. Thermal oil: available worldwide (Mobiltherm, Shell Thermia).
Unilux (Netherlands) Marine Composite Boiler
200-2,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Oil-Fired + Exhaust Gas)
type: Composite Boiler (Oil-Fired + Exhaust Gas Section)
size_range: ['UMC 200', 'UMC 500', 'UMC 1000', 'UMC 2000']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [200, 2000]
pressure_range_bar: [5, 10]
variant_count_approx: 4
period_start_year: 1985
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired + Exhaust Gas
construction: Fire tube + exhaust gas section, vertical, compact
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Exhaust gas section soot fires
- • Fire tube corrosion from acid condensation at low loads
- • Burner flame failure
- • Safety valve sticking
Service: Soot blowing daily. Feedwater treatment daily. Standard composite boiler maintenance. Annual survey inspection.
Spares: Unilux (Kampen, Netherlands). Lead time: 3-6 weeks. Service in Netherlands and Northern Europe.
Volcano (Japan) Marine Fire Tube / Water Tube Boiler
200-10,000 kg/h steam
· Steam (Fuel Oil fired)
type: Fire Tube / Water Tube Auxiliary Boiler
size_range: ['VB-200', 'VB-500', 'VB-1000', 'VB-3000', 'VB-5000', 'VB-10000']
power_range_kw: None
steam_capacity_kgh: [200, 10000]
pressure_range_bar: [7, 16]
variant_count_approx: 6
period_start_year: 1960
period_end_year: None
drive_type: Oil-Fired (HFO/MDO/MGO)
construction: Fire tube and water tube variants, vertical
successor_series: None
Common Failures:
- • Tube corrosion from feedwater treatment issues
- • Burner nozzle fouling
- • Refractory deterioration
- • Safety valve issues
Service: Standard boiler maintenance. Feedwater treatment daily. Tube inspection at annual survey. Same protocol as other oil-fired marine boilers.
Spares: Volcano (Nagasaki, Japan). Lead time: 3-6 weeks Asia. Limited outside Asia.